03 Operators & Expressions

Operators wo symbols hain jo variables par kuch kaam (operation) karte hain.

1. Arithmetic Operators (Maths) ➕

Operator	Name	Example
+	Addition	a + b
-	Subtraction	a - b
*	Multiplication	a * b
/	Division	a / b (Integer division gives integer!)
%	Modulus (Remainder)	a % b (10 % 3 = 1)

int a = 10, b = 3;
printf("%d", a / b); // Output: 3 (3.33 nahi aayega kyunki int hai)
printf("%d", a % b); // Output: 1 (Remainder)

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2. Relational Operators (Tulna) ⚖️

Ye check karte hain ki do values barabar hain ya nahi. Result 1 (True) ya 0 (False) hota hai.

• ==: Kya barabar hai?
• !=: Kya barabar NAHI hai?
• > / <: Bada / Chhota
• >= / <=: Bada ya barabar / Chhota ya barabar

int x = 5, y = 10;
printf("%d", x > y); // Output: 0 (False)

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3. Logical Operators (Dimag) 🧠

Multiple conditions check karne ke liye.

• && (AND): Dono sahi hone chahiye.
• || (OR): Koi ek bhi sahi ho to chalega.
• ! (NOT): Sach ko jhooth, jhooth ko sach kar deta hai.

int age = 20, money = 500;
if (age > 18 && money > 100) {
    printf("Party time! 🥳");
}

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4. Increment/Decrement (++ / --) ⬆️

• a++ (Post-increment): Pehle use karo, fir badhao.
• ++a (Pre-increment): Pehle badhao, fir use karo.

int x = 5;
printf("%d", x++); // Prints 5, then x becomes 6
printf("%d", x);   // Prints 6

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5. Ternary Operator (Shortcut If-Else) ⚡

Condition ? True : False

int age = 20;
(age >= 18) ? printf("Adult") : printf("Minor");