06 Project Structure

Jab project bada hota hai, to sab code ek server.js file me rakhna paagalpan hai! 🤯 Humein ek Standard Folder Structure chahiye. Industry me sabse common pattern hai MVC (Model-View-Controller).

The Production-Ready Structure 🗂️

Aapka project kuch aisa dikhna chahiye:

my-node-app/
│
├── node_modules/       (Dependencies - Don't touch)
├── src/
│   ├── config/         (Database connect, Passport strategies)
│   │   └── db.js
│   │
│   ├── controllers/    (Logic yahan likhein - Request/Response handle)
│   │   └── userController.js
│   │
│   ├── models/         (Database Schemas - Mongoose Models)
│   │   └── User.js
│   │
│   ├── routes/         (API endpoints definition)
│   │   └── userRoutes.js
│   │
│   ├── middlewares/    (Auth check, Error handlers)
│   │   └── authMiddleware.js
│   │
│   └── utils/          (Helper functions like 'sendEmail')
│       └── emailSender.js
│
├── .env                (Secret keys, Port, DB_URL)
├── .gitignore          (node_modules aur .env ko ignore karein)
├── package.json        (Project details aur scripts)
└── server.js           (Entry point - Sirf server start karega)

---

Folder by Folder Breakdown

1. config/ (Settings)

Database connection ya third-party services (AWS, Nodemailer) ki settings yahan rakhein. Example: db.js

// Database connection logic
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const connectDB = async () => { ... };
module.exports = connectDB;

2. models/ (Data Shape)

Aapka data kaisa dikhega? Ye Mongoose schemas hain. Example: User.js

const userSchema = new mongoose.Schema({ name: String, email: String });
module.exports = mongoose.model('User', userSchema);

3. routes/ (Raaste)

Sirf endpoints define karein, logic nahi. Example: userRoutes.js

const express = require('express');
const router = express.Router();
const { registerUser } = require('../controllers/userController');

router.post('/register', registerUser); // Logic controller me hai

module.exports = router;

4. controllers/ (The Brain 🧠)

Asli logic yahan hota hai. Request aati hai, process hoti hai, aur response jata hai. Example: userController.js

const User = require('../models/User');

exports.registerUser = async (req, res) => {
  // 1. Data validate karo
  // 2. User create karo
  // 3. Response bhejo
  res.status(201).json({ message: "User created" });
};

5. middlewares/ (Guardians 🛡️)

Routes ko protect karne ke liye. Example: authMiddleware.js

const protect = (req, res, next) => {
  // Token check karo
  if (!token) return res.status(401).send("Not Authorized");
  next();
};

---

Server.js (Entry Point)

Ye file ab clean honi chahiye!

require('dotenv').config();
const express = require('express');
const connectDB = require('./src/config/db');
const userRoutes = require('./src/routes/userRoutes');

const app = express();

// Database Connect
connectDB();

// Middlewares
app.use(express.json());

// Routes
app.use('/api/users', userRoutes);

const PORT = process.env.PORT || 5000;
app.listen(PORT, () => console.log(`Server running on port ${PORT}`));

---

Summary

Organization is key to scalability.

• MVC Pattern use karein.
• Logic ko controllers me rakhein.
• Routes ko routes folder me.
• Configs aur Models alag rakhein.

Is tarah aapka code clean, readable, aur maintainable rahega! 🧹✨