MongoDB Operators

Operators ka use hum queries ko aur powerful banane ke liye karte hain. Inse hum complex filters aur updates asani se manage kar sakte hain.

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1. Query Operators (Filters)

Ye operators humein data filter karne me help karte hain.

Comparison Operators

Inka use numbers ya dates compare karne ke liye hota hai:

• $eq: Equal to (Barabar)
• $ne: Not equal to (Barabar nahi)
• $gt: Greater than (Bada)
• $gte: Greater than or equal to (Bada ya barabar)
• $lt: Less than (Chhota)
• $lte: Less than or equal to (Chhota ya barabar)
• $in: Array me se koi ek value match kare (Multiple values check)
• $nin: Array me di gayi koi bhi value match na kare

Example:

// Jinki age 20 se zyada hai
db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 20 } });

// Jinka city "Delhi" ya "Mumbai" hai
db.users.find({ city: { $in: ["Delhi", "Mumbai"] } });

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Logical Operators

Multiple conditions ko combine karne ke liye:

• $and: Saari conditions true honi chahiye.
• $or: Kam se kam ek condition true honi chahiye.
• $not: Condition ko reverse kar deta hai.
• $nor: Saari conditions false honi chahiye.

Example:

// Age 20 se upar ho AUR city Delhi ho
db.users.find({
  $and: [
    { age: { $gt: 20 } },
    { city: "Delhi" }
  ]
});

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2. Update Operators

Data update karte waqt ye operators kaam aate hain.

• $set: Field ki value badalne ke liye.
• $unset: Kisi field ko remove karne ke liye.
• $inc: Numeric value ko badhane (increment) ke liye.
• $push: Array me naya element add karne ke liye.
• $pull: Array se element hatane ke liye.

Example:

// Age ko 1 se badhao
db.users.updateOne(
  { name: "Aditya" },
  { $inc: { age: 1 } }
);

// Hobbies array me "Reading" add karo
db.users.updateOne(
  { name: "Aditya" },
  { $push: { hobbies: "Reading" } }
);

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Summary Table

Operator Type	Operators	Use Case
Comparison	$gt, $lt, $in	Range queries aur exact matches ke liye.
Logical	$and, $or	Multiple filters combine karne ke liye.
Update	$set, $inc, $push	Data modifies ya add karne ke liye.

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Pro tip: $or operator me hamesha array pass karna mat bhoolna, nahi to query fail ho jayegi! ⚠️